Vitriolage -
In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the geographic focus shifted toward South Asia, Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of South America. In these regions, vitriolage consolidated into a weaponized tool of structural patriarchy and gender inequality. Primary Motives and Socio-Cultural Drivers
Precise numbers are difficult due to underreporting, but key studies: vitriolage
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(from Latin vitriolum , meaning “glass-like,” referring to sulfate salts such as copper vitriol or green vitriol) is the premeditated act of throwing corrosive acid or another caustic substance onto a person’s body—most often the face—with the intent to disfigure, maim, torture, or kill. It is a form of gender-based, revenge, or gang-related violence. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries,