| Feature | Japan | EU (CosIng) | USA (FDA) | |---------|-------|-------------|-----------| | Central online database | No (paid/print only) | Yes (free) | No (partial lists) | | Legal status of lists | Mixed (positive lists + open) | Positive lists (restricted) | Open (few restrictions) | | Quasi-drug category | Yes | No (cosmetics vs drugs only) | No (OTC monograph) | | Ingredient safety review | JCIA + MHLW | SCCS | CIR (voluntary) |
| Category | Definition | Regulatory Control | |----------|------------|---------------------| | Cosmetics | Mild effect on skin/hair (cleansing, moisturizing, coloring) | Ingredients must not be prohibited; compliance with positive lists for certain functions. | | Quasi-drugs | Mild pharmacological effect (anti-acne, hair growth, deodorant, sunscreens above SPF, etc.) | Must use ingredients listed in JSQI or have individual approval. | japan cosmetic ingredients database