The Raniganj coalfield is characterized by difficult geo-mining conditions, including the presence of weak overlying strata and "parting" zones. In the New Kenda case, the method of mining—often involving the "Bord and Pillar" technique—relies heavily on the stability of coal pillars to support the roof. Investigations suggested that the roof support system in the affected gallery was insufficient to handle the stress distribution. The failure was likely a "skin failure" or a collapse of the immediate roof, possibly triggered by blasting vibrations or accumulated stress over time.