From 00:05:30 to 00:07:45 (duration 2m15s):

While Mary brings Sheldon to work for the day, he takes it upon himself to increase church donations.

However, if you're looking for a research paper covering the episode s02e21 of "Young Sheldon" and its relation to FFmpeg, I'm afraid that's not a real thing.

ffmpeg -i "Young.Sheldon.S02E21.mp4" -ss 00:05:30 -to 00:07:45 -c copy "YS_clip.mp4"

Sheldon takes over Mary's office for a day, pressuring church members for donations in his uniquely blunt style.