If a secondary bacterial infection develops within the blocked duct (a condition called dacryocystitis), the fluid turns into a thick, milky white, yellow, or green discharge.
The continuous presence of moisture breaks down the skin tissue beneath the eyes, leading to redness, raw skin, hair loss, and a foul odor. cat blocked tear duct
Feline nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a manageable yet often chronic condition that requires a systematic diagnostic approach. The fluorescein dye transit test and ductal flushing remain essential diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Clinicians should differentiate congenital (breed-associated) from acquired (inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic) causes to guide prognosis and treatment. While medical management suffices for mild cases, surgical bypass is available for severe, refractory obstructions. Further research into the role of viral rhinitis in chronic feline NLDO would improve long-term management strategies. If a secondary bacterial infection develops within the
The hallmark sign is – clear or mucoid tear overflow staining the periocular fur, most notably at the medial canthus. With chronicity, epiphora staining (reddish-brown discoloration due to porphyrins in tears) is evident in light-colored cats. Additional signs include: The fluorescein dye transit test and ductal flushing
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), commonly referred to as a blocked tear duct, is a relatively common ophthalmic condition in domestic cats. The nasolacrimal duct system is responsible for draining tears from the ocular surface into the nasal cavity. When this system becomes obstructed, epiphora (excessive tearing) results, often leading to periocular dermatitis, cosmetic concerns, and in some cases, secondary infection. This paper reviews the anatomy of the feline nasolacrimal system, the various etiologies of obstruction (congenital and acquired), diagnostic techniques including the fluorescein dye transit test and dacryocystorhinography, and current medical and surgical management strategies. A focus is placed on breed predispositions, particularly in brachycephalic cats, and the importance of ruling out underlying causes such as neoplasia or chronic rhinitis.