People become criminals because they are "labeled" as such by society. 2. Penology: Managing the "How"
Victimology is the study of victims, their role in the crime, and their interactions with the criminal justice system.
Criminology is the scientific study of crime as a social phenomenon. It explores the processes of making laws, breaking laws, and society's reaction to those who break them.
Focuses on repairing the harm caused to the victim and the community rather than just punishing the offender.
Attributed crime to demonic possession or supernatural forces.
End of Notes – These notes are intended for educational purposes. For current legal or criminological research, consult peer-reviewed journals and official crime statistics (e.g., UNODC, BJS, Eurostat).
| Justification | Goal | Focus | |---------------|------|-------| | | “Just deserts” – punishment as moral vengeance | Past act | | Deterrence | Prevent future crime (general – society; specific – offender) | Future behavior | | Incapacitation | Remove offender from society (imprisonment, house arrest) | Public safety | | Rehabilitation | Reform offender through treatment, education | Offender’s needs | | Restoration | Repair harm to victim and community | Healing, restitution |
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Explore MorePeople become criminals because they are "labeled" as such by society. 2. Penology: Managing the "How"
Victimology is the study of victims, their role in the crime, and their interactions with the criminal justice system.
Criminology is the scientific study of crime as a social phenomenon. It explores the processes of making laws, breaking laws, and society's reaction to those who break them.
Focuses on repairing the harm caused to the victim and the community rather than just punishing the offender.
Attributed crime to demonic possession or supernatural forces.
End of Notes – These notes are intended for educational purposes. For current legal or criminological research, consult peer-reviewed journals and official crime statistics (e.g., UNODC, BJS, Eurostat).
| Justification | Goal | Focus | |---------------|------|-------| | | “Just deserts” – punishment as moral vengeance | Past act | | Deterrence | Prevent future crime (general – society; specific – offender) | Future behavior | | Incapacitation | Remove offender from society (imprisonment, house arrest) | Public safety | | Rehabilitation | Reform offender through treatment, education | Offender’s needs | | Restoration | Repair harm to victim and community | Healing, restitution |
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